Based on the leading Innovation behavior activity and product richness, a two-dimensional quantitative analysis framework and measurement index system of Chinese provincial industrial enterprises in small and medium-sized enterprises (in short: SMIEs) are established, and the matrix grey clustering model is applied. This paper makes an empirical analysis of the leading Innovation dynamic level of SMIEs in various provinces of China. The results show that the leading Innovation incentives level of in various provinces of China is mainly divided into "Behavior Activity High-Product Richness High", "Behavior Activity Medium-Product Richness Medium", "Behavior Activity Low-Product Richness Medium", "Behavior Activity Low-Product Richness Low". And there are significant differences in geographical spatial distribution and certain regional gradients from east to west. At the same time, the leading Innovation incentives of SMIEs in china are generally at a low level, and the overall innovation incentives are still insufficient.